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Voluntary Running in Young Adult Mice Reduces Anxiety-Like Behavior and Increases the Accumulation of Bioactive Lipids in the Cerebral Cortex

Contact Information

Keywords

Sandra Peña de Ortiz, sandra@hpcf.upr.edu

N/A

Abstract

Combinatorial therapies using voluntary exercise and diet supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids have synergistic effects benefiting brain function and behavior. Here, we assessed the effects of voluntary exercise on anxiety-like behavior and on total FA accumulation within three brain regions: cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum of running versus sedentary young adult male C57/BL6J mice. The running group was subjected to one month of voluntary exercise in their home cages, while the sedentary group was kept in their home cages without access to a running wheel. Elevated plus maze (EPM), several behavioral postures and two risk assessment behaviors (RABs) were then measured in both animal groups followed immediately by blood samplings for assessment of corticosterone levels. Brains were then dissected for non-targeted lipidomic analysis of selected brain regions using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Results showed that mice in the running group, when examined in the EPM, displayed significantly lower anxiety-like behavior, higher exploratory and risky behaviors, compared to sedentary mice. Notably, we found no differences in blood corticosterone levels between the two groups, suggesting that the different EPM and RAB behaviors were not related to reduced physiological stress in the running mice. Lipidomics analysis revealed a region-specific cortical decrease of the saturated FA: palmitate (C16:0) and a concomitant increase of polyunsaturated FA, arachidonic acid (AA, omega 6-C20: 4) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, omega 3-C22: 6), in running mice compared to sedentary controls. Finally, we found that running mice, as opposed to sedentary animals, showed significantly enhanced cortical expression of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) protein, a signaling molecule required in the production of both AA and DHA. In summary, our data support the anxiolytic effects of exercise and provide insights into the molecular processes modulated by exercise that may lead to its beneficial effects on mood.

Citation

Santos-Soto, I. J., Chorna, N., Carballeira, N. M., Vélez-Bartolomei, J. G., Méndez-Merced, A. T., Chornyy, A. P., & Peña de Ortiz, S. (2013). Voluntary running in young adult mice reduces anxiety-like behavior and increases the accumulation of bioactive lipids in the cerebral cortex. PloS One, 8(12), e81459. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081459

DOI

10.1371/journal.pone.0081459

EWB Constructs:

enrichment

EWB Measures:

elevated plus maze, risk assessment behaviors, behavioral postures

data availability:

No

data availability details:

N/A

brain imaging paradigm:

cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum

brain region/circuit:

Exclusion Criteria:

N/A

Inclusion Criteria

N/A

Non-EWB Behavioral
Measures:

N/A

First author:

Ivan J Santos-Soto

species:

mouse

sample size:

31

study design:

case control

longitudinal data?

No

younger controls?

N/A

interventions:

Examined influence of wheel running on anxiety-like behavior and fatty acid accumulation in adult mice

study population:

N/A

sex (% female):

0%

ethnicity (%white)

N/A

Age (mean, sd):

8-9 weeks

biological/Physiological Measures:

(4) endocrine system (cortisol), fatty acids

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